GERUNDS

In Latin and English grammar, the gerund is a non-finite verb form that can function as a noun. The English gerund ends in -ing (as in I enjoy playing basketball); the same verb form also serves as the English present participle (which has an adjectival or adverbial function), and as a pure verbal noun. The gerund is the form that names the action of the verb (for instance, playing is the action of "to play"). In some cases a noun ending in -ing sometimes serves as a gerund (as in I like building / I like building things, I like painting / I like painting pictures, and I like writing / I like writing novels), while at other times serving as a non-gerund indicating the product resulting from an action (as in I work in that building, That is a good painting, and Her writing is good). The latter case can often be distinguished by the presence of a determiner before the noun, such as that, a, or her in these examples.

The Latin gerund (gerundium) is a verb form which behaves similarly to a noun, although it can only appear in certain oblique cases. (It should not be confused with the Latin gerundive, which is similar in form, but has a passive, adjectival use.)

In relation to other languages, the term gerund may be applied to a form which has noun-like uses like the Latin and English gerunds, or in some cases to various other non-finite verb forms, such as adverbial participles.

Gerund comes from the Latin gerundium, which itself derives from the gerundive of the Latin verb gero, namely gerundus, meaning "(which is) to be carried out".

example :

 

1. Gerunds as subject
2. Gerunds as object
3. Gerunds as subjective complement
4. Gerunds as object of preposition
5. Gerunds after word “NO”
6. Gerunds after possessive adjective
7. Gerunds after certain verbs
8. Gerunds as appositive

Gerunds as subject

Reading is not my hobby.

Swimming is better than running.

Hiking can be very strenuous.

Gerunds as object

I like reading.

She goes swimming every morning.

Their favorite sport is running.

Gerunds as Subjective Complement

Her favorite sport is swimming.

Gerunds as object of preposition

example :

I will wash the dishes after eating.

You cannot be rich man without working.

 

Gerunds after “NO”

No Smoking!

No parking in this area!

Gerunds after possessive adjective

Thanks for your coming.

source :

http://belajarbahasainggrisonlinegratis.blogspot.com/2012/06/gerunds.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerund

HOW TO MAKE PANCAKES

This basic pancakes recipe takes very little time to make. Plus, once you make up the batter, you can hold it in the refrigerator for several hours.

I like to oil my griddle with a combination of butter and high-heat cooking oil like safflower oil. Butter adds a really nice flavor to the pancakes, but butter by itself will burn too easily. Adding a bit of cooking oil will prevent burnt pancakes.

Here's a tip: If it's been more than six months since you bought your baking powder, toss it and buy a fresh container. When baking powder gets too old, it won't rise as much as it should.

Prep Time: 15 minutes

Cook Time: 15 minutes

Total Time: 30 minutes

Ingredients:

• 2 cups all-purpose flour (250 grams)
• 2 tsp baking powder
• ¼ tsp salt
• 1 Tbsp granulated sugar
• 3 eggs
• 2 cups whole milk
• 2 Tbsp melted butter (plus more butter for cooking)
• High-heat vegetable oil (like canola or safflower) for cooking

Preparation:

1. Pre-heat your griddle to 375° or heat a nonstick sauté pan or skillet over medium heat.


2. Pre-heat oven to 200°F.


3. Sift together the flour, baking powder, sugar and salt.


4. Beat the eggs thoroughly. Add the eggs, melted butter and half the milk to the dry ingredients and mix gently until combined. Now stir in the remaining milk until the batter is the desired consistency. Don't overmix!


5. Melt butter on the griddle or pan. It should foam and sizzle. Drop a tiny bit of cooking oil onto the griddle and blend it with the butter.


6. Now, for each pancake, ladle ¼ cup of batter onto the griddle or pan.


7. Cook until the tops of the pancakes are full of bubbles and the bottoms are golden brown.


8. Flip the pancakes and cook until the tops are golden brown, then either serve right away or transfer to the oven to keep warm.

 source : http://culinaryarts.about.com/od/griddledspecialties/r/pancakes.htm